Itondekanya ryibyuma

Ibyuma bitagira umuyonga birashobora kugabanywamo ibyuma bya austenitike, ibyuma bya ferritic, ibyuma bya martensitike bitagira ibyuma na duplex ibyuma bitagira ibyuma ukurikije imiterere yabyo.

(1) Icyuma cya Austenitike

Imiterere yubushyuhe bwicyumba cya austenitike idafite ibyuma ni austenite, ikorwa mukongeramo nikel ikwiye kuri chromium ndende idafite ibyuma.

Icyuma cya Austenitike kitagira ibyuma gifite imiterere ihamye ya austenite gusa iyo Cr irimo 18%, Ni 8% kugeza 25%, na C hafi 0.1%. Ibyuma bya Austenitike bidafite ibyuma bishingiye kuri Cr18Ni9 ishingiye ku byuma. Hamwe nimikoreshereze itandukanye, ibyiciro bitandatu bya austenitis ibyuma bidafite ibyuma byakozwe.

Ibyiciro bisanzwe byicyuma cya austenitis:
(1) 1Cr17Mn6Ni15N; (2) 1Cr18Mn8Ni5N; (3) 1Cr18Ni9; (4) 1Cr18Ni9Si3; (5) 06Cr19Ni10; (6) 00Cr19Ni10; (7) 0Cr19Ni9N; (8) 0Cr19Ni10NbN; (9) 00Cr18Ni10N; (10) 1Cr18Ni12; (11) 0Cr23Ni13; (12) 0Cr25Ni20; (13) 0Cr17Ni12Mo2; (14) 00Cr17Ni14Mo2; (15) 0Cr17Ni12Mo2N; (16) 00Cr17Ni13Mo2N; (17) 1Cr18Ni12Mo2Ti; (18) 0Cr; 1Cr18Ni12Mo3Ti; (20) 0Cr18Ni12Mo3Ti; (21) 0Cr18Ni12Mo2Cu2; (22) 00Cr18Ni14Mo2Cu2; (23) 0Cr19Ni13Mo3; (24) 00Cr19Ni13Mo3; (25) 0Cr18Ni16Mo5; (26) 1Cr18Ni9Ti; (27) (29) 0Cr18Ni; 0Cr18Ni13Si4;

Ibyuma bya Austenitike bidafite ibyuma birimo Ni na Cr byinshi, bigatuma ibyuma austenite mubushyuhe bwicyumba. Ifite plastike nziza, gukomera, gusudira, kurwanya ruswa hamwe na magnetiki cyangwa imbaraga za magneti. Ifite ruswa irwanya ruswa no kugabanya itangazamakuru. Ikoreshwa mu gukora ibikoresho birwanya aside, nk'ibikoresho birwanya ruswa n'ibikoresho biri ku murongo no gutwara. Imiyoboro, ibikoresho bya nitric irwanya aside, nibindi, birashobora kandi gukoreshwa nkibikoresho nyamukuru byimitako. Icyuma cya Austenitike kitagira umuyonga muri rusange gikoresha uburyo bwo gukemura, ni ukuvuga ko icyuma gishyuha kugeza kuri 1050 kugeza kuri 1150 ° C, hanyuma kigakonjeshwa n’amazi cyangwa gikonjesha ikirere kugirango kibone icyiciro kimwe cya austenite.

(2) ibyuma bya ferritic

Ibyiciro bisanzwe bikoreshwa mubyuma bya ferritic ibyuma: (1) 1Cr17; (2) 00Cr30Mo2; (3) 00Cr17; (4) 00Cr17; (5) 1Cr17Mo; (6) 00Cr27Mo;

Ibyuma bya ferritic ibyuma bitagira umuyonga ibyuma byubatswe cyane cyane ferrite mubushyuhe bwicyumba. Ibirimo bya Chromium ni 11% -30%, kurwanya ruswa, gukomera no gusudira byiyongera hamwe no kwiyongera kwa chromium, chloride stress ya ruswa irwanya ubundi bwoko bwibyuma bitagira umwanda, ubu bwoko bwibyuma muri rusange ntabwo burimo nikel, rimwe na rimwe burimo kandi bike bya Mo, Ti, Nb nibindi bintu. Ubu bwoko bwibyuma bufite ibiranga imiyoboro minini yubushyuhe, coefficient ntoya yo kwaguka, kurwanya okiside nziza, hamwe no kurwanya ruswa nziza. Ikoreshwa cyane mukubyara ikirere, imyuka y'amazi, amazi na aside irike. Ibice byangiritse. Nyamara, imiterere yubukanishi nuburyo bukoreshwa nabi, kandi bikoreshwa cyane mubikorwa birwanya aside hamwe na stress nkeya kandi nkibyuma birwanya okiside. Irashobora kandi kubyara ibice bikora mubushyuhe bwinshi, nkibice bya gaz turbine.